It is a well known fact that agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA is a routinely used method in molecular biology. The major applications of the technique includes: identification, purification, and separation of the DNA fragments. Frictional resistance caused by the gel matrix is responsible for the separation of the DNA fragments. As a result of this, the DNA fragments migrate in the gel according to their respective size.
Passing through the gel pore becomes difficult for the larger DNA molecules whereas, the smaller DNA fragments migrate unhindered. This causes the DNA fragments to migrate according to their respective size. As expected the smallest molecule moves the fastest and the largest molecule moves the slowest.
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