Gene cloning is an outstanding molecular biology technique that has initiated a new era in the manipulation, analysis and exploitation of bio-molecules. Several discoveries and understandings of the gene structure, function and regulation are the significant outcome of the gene cloning process.
W. Sutton was the first person who proposed that the genes are located on chromosomes in 1903. Further, in 1910, this was proved experimentally by T.H. Morgan. Even though there was enough advancement in classical genetic studies, the actual revolution in the field of genetic research came with the discovery of the DNA as the genetic material. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty, in 1944, for the first time showed that genes are made up of DNA.
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